Ukuqinisekisa uKhuseleko lwebhetri: Indima ebalulekileyo yoYilo lweSeli yeLithium-ion

    Iiseli zebhetri zezona nxalenye zingundoqo zeebhetri, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo ngokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukusebenza kokhuseleko lweeseli zebhetri ikakhulu kubandakanya ukhuseleko lokutshajiswa, ukhuseleko lokukhupha ngaphezulu, kunye nokhuseleko oludlulayo.

  Ukuba iseli yebhetri ayinalo ukhuseleko lokutshaja ngokugqithisileyo, ibhetri inokutshisa ngokugqithisileyo okanye ide igqabhuke ngexesha lokutshaja. Ngokufanayo, ukuba iseli yebhetri ayinalo ukhuseleko lokukhupha ngaphezulu, ibhetri inokushisa kakhulu kwaye yonakaliswe ngexesha lokukhupha. Ukukhuselwa kwe-Overcurrent kunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ingozi ebangelwa ukugqithiswa kwangoku xa iseli yebhetri iphantsi kokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.

    Ukongeza, imbonakalo yecandelo lomnqamlezo weseli yebhetri nayo iyinkalo ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwayo kokhuseleko. Izinto zangaphakathi zebhetri ekumgangatho ophezulu kufuneka zicwangciswe ngokucokisekileyo kwaye zixinene, zingabikho amaqamza okanye i-voids. Iseli yebhetri enjalo inokumelana bhetele noxinzelelo xa iphantsi kwempembelelo yamandla angaphandle, ukunciphisa ukuba nokwenzeka komonakalo. Kwangaxeshanye, inokubonelela ngamandla aphezulu kunye nobomi benkonzo obude.

 Ukutshaja kakhulu ngoyena nobangela wokutsha kwebhetri. Xa iseli yebhetri igcwele kakhulu, i-electrolyte engaphakathi kwiseli inokubola, ikhuphe iigesi ezinokutsha. Ezi gesi zinokuvutha, zibangele umlilo. Ukhuseleko lokutshajiswa kakhulu lubalulekile ukunqanda oku kungenzeki.

  Ukukhuselwa kwe-overcharging kunokuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa isithinteli sombane. I-voltage limiter sisixhobo esinciphisa amandla ombane anokufakwa kwiseli yebhetri. Xa i-voltage ifikelela kumda othile, i-voltage limiter iya kukhupha ibhetri kwitshaja.

Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokukhusela ukugqithisa kukusebenzisa inzwa yokushisa. Isivamvo sobushushu sijonga ubushushu beseli yebhetri. Xa ubushushu bufikelela kumda othile, inzwa yobushushu iya kukhupha ibhetri kwitshaja.

   Ukukhutshwa ngokugqithisileyo ngomnye unobangela omkhulu wokutsha kwebhetri. Xa iseli yebhetri ikhutshwe kakhulu, i-voltage ngaphakathi kwiseli inokuhla ngaphantsi komqobo othile. Oku kungonakalisa iseli yebhetri kwaye kubangele ukuba ingazinzi. Ukukhuselwa kokukhupha kakhulu kubalulekile ukukhusela oku kungenzeki.

    Ukukhuselwa kokukhutshwa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa isithinteli sombane. I-voltage limiter sisixhobo esinciphisa amandla ombane anokuthi atsalwe kwiseli yebhetri. Xa i-voltage ifikelela kumda othile, i-voltage limiter iya kukhupha ibhetri kumthwalo.

   Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokukhusela ukukhutshwa ngokugqithiseleyo kukusebenzisa inzwa yokushisa. Isivamvo sobushushu sijonga ubushushu beseli yebhetri. Xa iqondo lokushisa lifikelela kumda othile, inzwa yobushushu iya kukhupha ibhetri kumthwalo.

   I-Overcurrent inokubangela imililo yebhetri. Xa iseli yebhetri iphantsi kwangoku ngokugqithisileyo, ubushushu obuveliswa ngoku bunokubangela ukuba iseli yebhetri ifudumale. Ukhuseleko oludlulayo lubalulekile ukuthintela oku kungenzeki.

Ukukhuselwa ngokugqithisileyo kunokuphunyezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa i-fuse. I-fuse sisixhobo esinyibilikayo xa umsinga ogqithisileyo uhamba kuyo. Oku kuya kuqhawula ibhetri kumthwalo kwaye kuthintele iseli yebhetri ekutshiseni.

Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokukhusela i-overcurrent kukusebenzisa i-breaker circuit. I-breaker circuit sisixhobo esivula isiphaluka xa umbane ogqithiseleyo uhamba kuwo. Oku kuya kuphinda kuqhawule ibhetri kumthwalo kwaye kuthintele iseli yebhetri ekutshiseni ngokugqithisileyo.

Umbono onqamlezayo weseli yebhetri unokubonelela ngengqiqo ekusebenzeni kwayo kokhuseleko. Iseli yebhetri ekumgangatho ophezulu iya kuba nezinto zayo zangaphakathi ezicwangcisiweyo ngokucocekileyo nangokuxineneyo. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela iseli yebhetri ekubeni ingazinzi ukuba iphantsi kwempembelelo yamandla angaphandle.

Iseli yebhetri ekumgangatho ophezulu nayo ayiyi kuba namaqamza okanye i-voids kwizinto zayo zangaphakathi. I-Bubbles kunye ne-voids inokubonelela ngeendlela zokuhamba kwangoku, ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokugqithisa kunye nokushisa.

  Ukhuseleko lweeseli zebhetri ngumba obalulekileyo ekufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo. Ngokusebenzisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lokutshaja, ukukhuselwa kokukhupha, kunye nokhuseleko olugqithileyo, abavelisi beebhetri banokunceda ukukhusela imililo yebhetri kwaye baqinisekise ukhuseleko lweemveliso zabo.

Ukongeza kwizinto ezintathu ezingundoqo zokhuseleko ezixoxwe ngasentla, iiseli zebhetri zinokuthi ziyilwe nezinye iimpawu zokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo kokhuseleko. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iiseli zebhetri ziyilwe ngenkqubo yokulawula i-thermal eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Le nkqubo inceda ukukhupha ubushushu obuvela kwiseli yebhetri, nto leyo enokunceda ukuthintela ukushisa.

Ezinye iiseli zebhetri ziyilwe ngengubo ekwaziyo ukumelana nomlilo. Oku kugquma kunceda ukunqanda ukusasazeka komlilo xa kukho umlilo webhetri.

Ngokubandakanya ezi mpawu zokhuseleko ezongezelelweyo, abavelisi beebhetri banokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kokhuseleko lweemveliso zabo.