Isebenza njani ijenereyitha yepetroli
Isebenza njani ijenereyitha yepetroli
Uhlobo lwejenereyitha esebenzisa i-petroli njengesibaso sokuvelisa umbane lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-injini yepetroli ukuguqula amandla ekhemikhali epetroli abe ngamandla omatshini, athi ke ajike abe ngamandla ombane yijenereyitha. Umgaqo wokusebenza uquka amacandelo amabini aphambili: i-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi kunye nejenereyitha, ebandakanya iinkqubo zokutsha, ukujikeleza, kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla.
Inkqubo yokutshisa:
Inkqubo yokutsha kwijeneretha yepetroli ibhekisela ekutshiseni kunye nokutshiswa kwepetroli (oko kukuthi, i-petroli). Le nkqubo ibandakanya ngokuyinhloko izigaba zokungena, ukunyanzeliswa, ukuvutha, kunye nokukhupha, okuphunyezwe ngesixhobo esaziwa ngokuba yi "inkqubo yokutshisa."
INqanaba lokuThatha: Ivalve ye-injini yokungena iyavuleka, kwaye ipiston ihlehle ijonge ezantsi, idala ivacuum. Umoya ungena kwi-cylinder ngevalve yokungena, wenze umxube womoya kunye nomphunga wepetroli.
Isigaba soxinzelelo: Ivalve yokungena iyavala, kwaye ipiston ihambela phezulu, icinezela umxube. Uxinzelelo luphakamisa ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo lomxube. Inkqubo yokutshisa ivelisa intlantsi nge-spark plug, ivutha umxube kwincopho yenqanaba loxinzelelo, ibangele ugqabhuko-dubulo.
Isigaba soMveliso wamandla (Umsebenzi): Ngenxa yoxinzelelo olwenziwa kugqabhuko-dubulo, i-piston inyanzeliswa phantsi, kwaye le ntshukumo idluliselwa kwi-crankshaft, ekugqibeleni iqhube i-rotor ye-generator.
Isigaba sokukhupha: Emva kokuba ipiston ifikelele ezantsi kwentshukumo yayo ezantsi, ivalve yokukhupha iyavula, ikhuphe iigesi ezitshisiweyo.
Ngamagama alula, inkqubo yokutshisa ibandakanya i-igniter, i-spark plug, kunye nesekethe yokulawula. Xa umxube uxinzelelwe kwinqanaba elithile, i-igniter ivelisa i-spark high-voltage, ivutha umxube. Oku kutsha kuvelisa ubushushu obuphezulu, iigesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ukulandela inkqubo yokutsha, ipiston ihlehla, ivula ivalve yokukhupha ukukhupha iigesi ezitshileyo.
Umgaqo ongundoqo wokusebenza kwejenereyitha ubandakanya ukusebenzisa umgaqo wokufakelwa kombane wombane ukuguqula amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane. Ukuguqulwa kwamandla omatshini kwenzeka njengoko intshukumo yepiston ihanjiswa yi-crankshaft, idibanisa intshukumo ejikelezayo ye-crankshaft kwi-rotor ye-generator. Inxalenye ye-electromagnetic induction ibandakanya i-rotor yejenereyitha ejikelezayo kwindawo yamagnetic, ivelisa i-alternating current ngokusebenzisa i-electromagnetic induction. Intsebenziswano phakathi kweekhoyili kwi-rotor kunye nentsimi yamagnetic ikhokelela ekuveliseni umbane wangoku. I-stator ye-generator iqulethe i-windings apho i-current ihamba khona, ivelisa kwaye ikhupha i-alternating current. Njengoko i-voltage ihlala ingazinzanga, iijenereyitha zixhotyiswe nge-voltage regulator, kwaye ezinye zinokuba ne-inverter yokuqinisekisa i-voltage ephumayo ezinzileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, ijenereyitha yepetroli iguqula amandla omatshini enjini yokutsha yangaphakathi ibe ngamandla ombane, ibonelela ngonikezelo lwamandla oluthembekileyo. Ukusebenza kwe-injini kuqhuba ukujikeleza kwerotor yejenereyitha, kwaye ijenereyitha iguqula amandla omatshini abe ngamandla ombane, ekugqibeleni ikhuphe umsinga otshintshanayo.
